Legal counsel for manufacturing & logistics enterprises in Hyderabad — where the plant floor and the boardroom carry the same legal exposure.

Formally, yes — Section 143 of the Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code 2020 repealed the Factories Act 1948 from 21 November 2025, when the four Labour Codes were notified. In practice, the Code's savings provisions keep existing factory licences and state Factories Rules operative until each state notifies its own OSH Code Rules, so most day-to-day compliance in 2026 still runs on the old framework depending on your state's transition status. This needs verifying state by state, not assumed nationally.

Higher, not lower. Under the Factories Act, a breach of the safety provisions causing death carried a minimum fine of ₹25,000; the OSH Code carries this forward with stiffer amounts, including fines that can reach ₹5 lakh for contraventions causing death. Repeat convictions within the statutory window attract enhanced punishment that cannot be compounded, meaning no discounted settlement is available. Both the occupier, typically a director, and the factory manager carry personal legal liability.

Yes. CERT-In's direction on 6-hour breach reporting applies to any incident impacting critical systems, which includes OT and ICS environments in a connected manufacturing plant, not only conventional IT infrastructure. A ransomware or intrusion event affecting a production line's control systems triggers the same notification clock as a data breach, and without OT-aware monitoring, detection itself can lag by days, which is often the harder problem to solve than the notification deadline itself.

PLI incentives are conditioned on meeting minimum investment thresholds and incremental sales targets over a five-year window, and claims require detailed annual documentation and certification. BIS certification, ISO compliance, and a documented quality management system are prerequisites for most schemes, not optional extras. Getting the underlying compliance architecture wrong doesn't just risk losing the incentive — it can expose the company to clawback and scrutiny on claims already paid.

Force majeure definitions, delay and non-conformance liability allocation, and payment terms tied to milestone conditions are the highest-risk provisions in most manufacturing supply chain agreements. Generic templates rarely address what happens when a supplier disruption cascades through a multi-tier supply chain, which is exactly when these clauses matter most.

Yes. Our cybersecurity team can assess the technical exposure of your connected plant floor — PLCs, SCADA, IIoT sensors — while our attorneys build the CERT-In notification protocol, incident response plan, and legal framework around the findings, all under one attorney-client privilege rather than a separate, uncoordinated technical engagement.